Bitumen, often known as asphalt, is a thick, sticky substance that’s black in color and comes from the heavy fractions of crude oil processing. Think of it like natural glue that binds things together, mainly used in road construction and paving. When roads are built, bitumen acts as a binder, mixed with aggregate particles (like sand and gravel) to form asphalt concrete. This mixture is then laid down and compacted to create smooth, durable surfaces for vehicles to travel on.

Bitumen is not just for roads; it’s also used in roofing materials to waterproof and seal roofs from the elements, ensuring homes and buildings stay dry. Its waterproofing properties are also valuable in constructing dams and lining ponds.

Because it’s so thick and sticky, bitumen needs to be heated to make it workable during application. Once it cools down, it hardens and becomes solid, holding everything tightly in place. This property makes it ideal for use in environments that experience a wide range of temperatures.

Despite its widespread use, the environmental impact of bitumen, especially in terms of emissions during production and application, has led to a search for more sustainable alternatives. Nonetheless, its durability and versatility keep it in high demand in construction and infrastructure projects worldwide.